Alphabet Evolutio Futhark The Runic alphabet is derived from one or more scripts which ultimately trace their roots back to the Phoenician alphabet. Runic Alphabet
ANGLSAKSISKE Thames knife
Archaeological finds make it clear that the original Germanic Futhark contained twenty-four runes. To accommodate new sounds which entered the languages, the Old English Futhark expanded to twenty-nine runes. There is also evidence of an even later addition of four more runes representing q, k, st and g; making a Futhark of thirty-three.
The additional five runes are ac, aesc, yr, iar and ear; respectively oak, ash, bow, beaver, and dust. These translations are based on the Old English Rune Poem, which is the foundation of all runic translations. http://www.hogwartsishere.com/library/book/1587/read/?chapter=3
found in Minnesota in 1898
"Eight Geats (Swedes) and twenty-two Norwegians on an exploration journey from Vinland to the west. We had camp by two skerries one day's journey north from this stone. We were [out] to fish one day. After we came home [we] found ten men red of blood and dead. AVM (Ave Virgen Maria) save [us] from evil.""[We] have ten men by the sea to look after our ships, fourteen days' travel from this island. [In the] year 1362."
Futhark
The Runic alphabet is derived from one or more scripts which ultimately trace their roots back to the Phoenician alphabet.
Runic Alphabet
Archaeological finds make it clear that the original Germanic Futhark contained twenty-four runes. To accommodate new sounds which entered the languages, the Old English Futhark expanded to twenty-nine runes. There is also evidence of an even later addition of four more runes representing q, k, st and g; making a Futhark of thirty-three.
The additional five runes are ac, aesc, yr, iar and ear; respectively oak, ash, bow, beaver, and dust. These translations are based on the Old English Rune Poem, which is the foundation of all runic translations.
http://www.hogwartsishere.com/library/book/1587/read/?chapter=3
ANGLO-SAXON 33-RUNE FUTHARK
http://www.arild-hauge.com/eanglor.htm
Keningston Stone
found in Minnesota in 1898
"Eight Geats (Swedes) and twenty-two Norwegians on an exploration journey from Vinland to the west. We had camp by two skerries one day's journey north from this stone. We were [out] to fish one day. After we came home [we] found ten men red of blood and dead. AVM (Ave Virgen Maria) save [us] from evil.""[We] have ten men by the sea to look after our ships, fourteen days' travel from this island. [In the] year 1362."